diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3277d85 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +To build this blog, you will need Hugo, Imagemagik and Openring. diff --git a/config.toml b/config.toml index 65f3b45..a24ad02 100644 --- a/config.toml +++ b/config.toml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -baseURL = "" +baseURL = "https://n07070.xyz" languageCode = "en-US,fr-FR" title = "The Octet Press" theme = "blogotheme" diff --git a/content/Articles/interop-revue-de-press/cover.jpg b/content/Articles/interop-revue-de-press/cover.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6295f12 Binary files /dev/null and b/content/Articles/interop-revue-de-press/cover.jpg differ diff --git a/content/Articles/interop-revue-de-press/cover.jpg.original b/content/Articles/interop-revue-de-press/cover.jpg.original new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fb04daf Binary files /dev/null and b/content/Articles/interop-revue-de-press/cover.jpg.original differ diff --git a/content/Articles/interop-revue-de-press/index.md b/content/Articles/interop-revue-de-press/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..80c58d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/Articles/interop-revue-de-press/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +--- +draft : false +categories : ["Blog","Français"] +toc : false +title : "Des nouvelles de l'interop " +displayInMenu : false +dropCap : true +description : "En attendant que la revue de press reprenne du galon, je vous partage quelques articles et liens sur l’interop que j’ai récolté à travers les internets ces derniers temps… Bonne lecture !" +date : "2021-01-26T00:00:01Z" +displayInList : true +resources: +- name: featuredImage + src: "cover.jpg" +--- + +En attendant que la revue de press reprenne du galon, je vous partage quelques articles et liens sur l’interop que j’ai récolté à travers les internets ces derniers temps… + +Bonne lecture ! + +### Designing decentralized moderation + +> In decentralized social networks, communities can set their own moderation policies, but what tools are available for enforcement? There is no central authority to make network-wide moderation decisions. Instead, content is filtered through an interplay of interfaces, algorithms, social consensus, and protocol constraints. This post looks at technical approaches to decentralized moderation, and points out areas that could use more experimentation and research. + +https://jaygraber.medium.com/designing-decentralized-moderation-a76430a8eab + +### Techdirt Podcast Episode 242: Protocols Versus Platforms, Part Two + +https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20200310/11413644073/techdirt-podcast-episode-242-protocols-versus-platforms-part-two.shtml + +### Qu’est-ce qu’un média social éthique (n’est pas) ? Une critique radicale de Mastodon et d’ActivityPub + +> Je pense que la sociabilité assistée est une composante fondamentale de nos vies : cette « assistance » peut être une boisson, de la musique, ou un jeu de société… +> Et je pense sincèrement que sur le web on ne parle pas assez de jeux de société de manière générale. De même, une activité telle que le montage d’un feu de camp assiste la sociabilité en fournissant un contexte. Dire finalement que la sociabilité est assistée n’apprend rien à personne. Cependant, l’internet a d’abord été conçu, et reste l’un des outils principaux (avec le téléphone et le courrier) pour les interactions à distance. +> Ce qui caractérise la manière dont l’internet assiste la sociabilité, c’est … + +https://tilde.team/~ged/fr/sociabilit%C3%A9-assist%C3%A9e/ + +### Our experience with the Fediverse, and why we left + +> The “Fediverse” is a loose aggregation of federated servers that mainly speak the ActivityPub protocol. One of the most famous services in the Fediverse is “Mastodon.” We joined the Fediverse in the early days of Mastodon to share short-lived information that … + +https://infosec-handbook.eu/news/2020-12-05-leaving-the-fediverse/ + +### Protocols, Not Platforms: A Technological Approach to Free Speech + +> After a decade or so of the general sentiment being in favor of the internet and social media as a way to enable more speech and improve the marketplace of ideas, in the last few years the view has shifted dramatically—now it seems that almost no one is happy. Some feel that these platforms have become cesspools of trolling, bigotry, and hatred. 1. Zachary Laub, Hate Speech on Social Media: Global Comparisons, Council on Foreign Rel. (Jun. 7, 2019), https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/hate-speech-social-media-global-comparisons. Meanwhile, … + +https://knightcolumbia.org/content/protocols-not-platforms-a-technological-approach-to-free-speech + +### Twitter and Facebook Want to Shift Power to Users. Or Do They? + +> A decentralized internet was hailed as a way to dethrone Twitter and Facebook. But to the tech giants, the idea could unload some of their burdens. + + +https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/18/technology/facebook-twitter-bitcoin-blockchain.html + +--- + +"World Wide Web Around Wikipedia" by Center for Image in Science and Art _ UL is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0 diff --git a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/.comments/antenna-snet-pillar.jpg.original.xml b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/.comments/antenna-snet-pillar.jpg.original.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..387b11e --- /dev/null +++ b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/.comments/antenna-snet-pillar.jpg.original.xml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + + + 20170611_WIRD1_682.jpg + + + + diff --git a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/.comments/antenna-snet-pillar.jpg.xml b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/.comments/antenna-snet-pillar.jpg.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..387b11e --- /dev/null +++ b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/.comments/antenna-snet-pillar.jpg.xml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + + + 20170611_WIRD1_682.jpg + + + + diff --git a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/.comments/cover.jpg.xml b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/.comments/cover.jpg.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..78fada9 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/.comments/cover.jpg.xml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + + + 20170611_WIRD1_491.jpg + + + + diff --git a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/antenna-snet-pillar.jpg b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/antenna-snet-pillar.jpg index 9dc63d5..34f38dc 100644 Binary files a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/antenna-snet-pillar.jpg and b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/antenna-snet-pillar.jpg differ diff --git a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/antenna-snet-pillar.jpg.original b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/antenna-snet-pillar.jpg.original new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9dc63d5 Binary files /dev/null and b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/antenna-snet-pillar.jpg.original differ diff --git a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/cover.jpg b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/cover.jpg index 48abc84..e4e94f9 100644 Binary files a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/cover.jpg and b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/cover.jpg differ diff --git a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/cover.jpg.original b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/cover.jpg.original new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1758b73 Binary files /dev/null and b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/cover.jpg.original differ diff --git a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/index.md b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/index.md index 86e5f42..ca2e942 100644 --- a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/index.md +++ b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/index.md @@ -1,34 +1,33 @@ --- title: "Mesh Networks are the People's Internet in Cuba" -date: 2021-03-27T14:00:01+01:00 -draft: true +date: 2021-04-02T14:00:01+01:00 +draft: false categories: ["Blog","English"] displayInMenu: false dropCap: false -featuredImage: "cover.jpg" -description: "In the past few days, I've started to learn about another network, much easier to access, faster, nearly free ( I'll come back to it ), and doesn't seem to have censorship in place. Best of all ? It's run as a mesh, operated by volunteers in La Havana. Similar but smaller networks are said to exist in other Cuban cities and provinces.." +description: "In the past few days, I've started about the history of a network in Cuba that is much easier to access, faster, nearly free, and doesn't seem to have censorship in place, like the normal Internet. Best of all ? It's run as a mesh, operated by volunteers in La Havana. Similar but smaller networks are said to exist in other Cuban cities and provinces.." displayInList: true +resources: +- name: featuredImage + src: "antenna-snet-pillar.jpg" --- -![](https://md.roflcopter.fr/uploads/upload_9efc53f365a6bcffaf6e274cdec5889f.jpg) +I've often heard about how Cuba has an Internet access that's slow, costly, and strictly censored. And while it seems to be true that [it's slow and costly](https://restofworld.org/2020/the-life-and-death-of-snet-havanas-alternative-internet/), it doesn't seem to be censured in the strict sense. But every connection you make to the network is strongly tied to your identity. You could argue that it's kind of the same in much of Europe in that regard. Connection to the Internet has also been difficult because of the [embargo imposed by the US.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torricelli_Act) +But, in the past few days, I've started to learn about another network, much easier to access, faster, nearly free ( I'll come back to it ), and doesn't seem to have censorship in place. Best of all ? It's run as a mesh, operated by volunteers in La Havana. Similar but smaller networks are said to exist in other Cuban cities and provinces. Meet SNET, for Street Net. -I've often heard about how Cuba has an Internet access that's slow, costly, and strictly censured. And while it seems to be true that [it's slow and costly](link), it doesn't seem to be censured in the strict sens. But every connection you make to the network is strongly tied to your identity. You could argue that it's kind of the same in much of Europe in that regard. Connection to the Internet has also been difficult because of the [embargo imposed by the US.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torricelli_Act) - -But, in the past few days, I've started to learn about another network, much easier to access, faster, nearly free ( I'll come back to it ), and doesn't seem to have censorship in place. Best of all ? It's run as a mesh, operated by volunteers in La Havana. Similar but smaller networks are said to exist in other Cuban cities and provinces. Meet [SNET](link) for Street Net. - -It all started with a [toot](https://mastodon.sdf.org/@peron/105350182360958266) by @peron@mastodon.sdf.org talking about the software that hackers in Cuba are putting together. I started to read about there stories, and got interested in how they get access to software, share it and build it together. I heard about a homegrown DIY Internet, and went down the rabbit hole. Here's the story of a diverse people, fed by the way of connecting, deciding to build there own network. +It all started with a [toot](https://mastodon.sdf.org/@peron/105350182360958266) by @peron@mastodon.sdf.org talking about the software that hackers in Cuba are putting together. I started to read about their stories, and got interested in how they get access to software, share it and build it together. I heard about a homegrown DIY Internet, and went down the rabbit hole. Here's the story of a diverse people, fed up by the former way of connecting, deciding to build their own network. ## Hacking scene -A little word on what we are talking, when we speak about Cuba's hacking scene. As you may know, Cuba has had a rough existence because of the colonization of foreign countries, namely the USA. During the "Special Period", Cubans where forced [to make do](https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/isolation-generation-master-inventors-cuba) with what was at hand, and in nearly every aspect of life. When you think about Cuba, you might think of the old american cars, shining in the sun as if they just came out of a factory. Well, in a sens, they did, and they are the most visible evidence of the [hacking power](https://youtube.com/watch?v=v-XS4aueDUg) cuban people have. +A little word on what we are talking about, when we speak about Cuba's hacking scene. As you may know, Cuba has had a rough existence because of the colonization by foreign countries, namely the USA. During the "Special Period", Cubans where forced [to make do](https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/isolation-generation-master-inventors-cuba) with what was at hand, and in nearly every aspect of life. When you think about Cuba, you might think of the old american cars, shining in the sun as if they just came out of a factory. Well, in some way, they did, and they are the most visible evidence of the [hacking power](https://youtube.com/watch?v=v-XS4aueDUg) cuban people have. -![](https://md.roflcopter.fr/uploads/upload_25b2c8e8bccc91fa400f7652da9cba7e.jpg) +![](cover.jpg) -I say power, because it is knowledge and action. The knowledge comes from education ( 99%+ people know how to read in Cuba, and it has a very efficient education system ) and necessity. But now, all this accumulated power has translated itself in what Ernesto Oroza calls inspired [Technological Disobedience](https://www.technologicaldisobedience.com). +I say power, because it is knowledge, plus action. The knowledge comes from education ( 99%+ people know how to read in Cuba, and it has a very efficient education system ) and necessity. Action is simply necessary to live, as there are no repair contracts for equipement bought overseas. Now, all of this accumulated power has translated itself into what Ernesto Oroza calls [Technological Disobedience](https://www.technologicaldisobedience.com). -So, Peron, as I will call them, told be about how it was in Cuba ; +So, Peron, as I will call them, told me about how it was in Cuba ; "Their hackers form a thriving community, located in all their clubs and universities. They have lots of female hackers there too. They are very competent programmers. [...] They use Linux, Debian, BSD but even OpenVMS (I learned that there). But those are the official clibs. As their main problem is the lack of internet connections and speed, they build inter-home hobbist citywide LANs. They play games and share contents. They like to be provided with pirated TV programs, serials, and cartoons for the kids, and they share them using the makeshift networks. @@ -39,22 +38,22 @@ So, Peron, as I will call them, told be about how it was in Cuba ; "The jovenclubs seemed to be a great of fun for them. Since I provided them with a HDD with cartoons, I was like a hero for them. At the time it was hard to get entertainment in Cuba, and you cannot watch youtube. But they can share the cartoons via the makeshift LAN. All the small towns become criss-crossed with UTP LAN cables. They share everything and play Linux games. TuxKart and 0AD were they favorites, and also some local developments. There was one similar to SIMS made in Cuba." -You can seem a glimse of what Cubans are bulding at [..Github, sadly.](https://github.com/cuban-opensourcers/cuban-opensource) +You can have a glimpse of what Cubans are bulding at [..Github, sadly.](https://github.com/cuban-opensourcers/cuban-opensource) ## How it works -Born in [2001](https://gizmodo.com/cubas-illegal-underground-internet-is-thriving-1681797114), The SNET has, in the past years, seen many evolutions. At first, it was mostly dumb switchs connecting PCs to each other in a big LAN, but over several houses and neighborhood. A sort of Wide-Local Arena Network. All of this was done with Ethernet. And, as it's the case when you run cables everywhere in the city without the cooperation of the municipality, it can get complicated. Cables are expensive to run, and in Cuba, where getting your hands on tech is a hassle, getting a loads of CAT5e cable it's easy to start with. That technique is still being used today tho. +Born in [2001](https://gizmodo.com/cubas-illegal-underground-internet-is-thriving-1681797114), The SNET has, in the past years, seen many evolutions. At first, it was mostly dumb switches connecting PCs to each other in a big LAN, but over several houses and neighborhood. A sort of Wide-Local Arena Network. Ethernet cables running from one house to another is not uncommon. And, as is the case when you run cables everywhere in the city without the cooperation of the municipality, it can get complicated. Cables are expensive to run, and in Cuba, where getting your hands on tech is a hassle, getting loads of CAT5e cable isn't easy to start with. Regardless, that technique is still being used today. -![](https://md.roflcopter.fr/uploads/upload_b6e901bd0394d9021fcfb9c4ca9b7c9f.jpg) +![](snet-network-map.jpg) -Now, where it gets interesting, is with the recent addition of mesh networking via Wi-Fi. Some nodes have set up antennas to which small access point routers are connected. A lot more people have gained access thanks to the ease of connecting. +Now, where it gets interesting, is with the addition of mesh networking via Wi-Fi. Some nodes have set up antennas to which small access point routers are connected. A lot more people have gained access thanks to the ease of connecting. -Technically, they seem to be using M2 and M5 NanoStations from Ubiquity, switchs running under beds, glue, nails, plastics bag and routers. Mostly what you would see everywhere else in the world, but imported at high cost. When building your Gaming PC also means building the network. +Technically, they seem to be using M2 and M5 NanoStations from Ubiquity, switches running under beds, glue, nails, plastics bag and old routers. Mostly what you would see everywhere else in the world, but imported at high cost. Building your Gaming PC also means building the network. -![](https://md.roflcopter.fr/uploads/upload_bb9e40061611fdcf41bce6f561014efd.jpg) +![](snet-network-org.jpg) -To this day, [reports](link) have indicated that they would be between 40 000 and 90 000 people using this network. +To this day, [reports](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_in_Cuba) have indicated that there might be between 40 000 and 90 000 people using this network. Youtube user [Alden Padron claims](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEplzHraw3c&lc=Ugy96UaVOLIVapbCNi14AaABAg) to be the creator of the first node ; @@ -64,42 +63,40 @@ His account seems to be mostly gaming videos, so it might check out ! ## How it's organized -The SNET is composed of __Nodulas__, interconnected to each other. Each Node has it's admins, that are responsible for part of the network, be it moderation or administration. +The SNET is composed of __Nodulas__, interconnected to each other. Each Node has its admins, that are responsible for part of the network, be it moderation or administration. -The community as a whole has [governance principles in place.](http://www.lahabana.com/content/snet-shortest-distance/) It is completely free of charge, if you can afford it. It does not provide Internet services or connection to the wider Internet, TV channels, pornography or anything else considered to be illegal, and you cannot use obscene language. +The community as a whole has [governance principles in place.](http://www.lahabana.com/content/snet-shortest-distance/) It is completely free of charge, if you can afford it. Meaning that you need to provide your own gear. It does not provide Internet services or connection to the wider Internet, TV channels, pornography or anything else considered to be illegal, and you cannot use obscene language. -![](antenna-snet-pillar.jpg) +These rules seem to be in place as part of a informal deal with the Cuban government to avoid being repressed out of existence. -Theses rules seem to be in place as part of a informal deal with the Cuban government to avoid being repressed out of existence. - -The SNET is used for many purposes, but one of them that comes back often [is gaming !](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEplzHraw3c) Word of Warcraft, TuxKart or O A.D are games enjoyed by Cubans on SNET, because they allow for LAN gaming. The servers are run by the community, as can be seen in [this video, called "Isabel and the SNET, the illegal internet network of Cuba"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B0qqEIZ9nQU) +The SNET is used for many purposes, but one of them that comes back often [is gaming](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEplzHraw3c)! World of Warcraft, TuxKart or O A.D are games enjoyed by Cubans on SNET, because they allow for LAN gaming. The servers are run by the community, as can be seen in [this video, called "Isabel and the SNET, the illegal internet network of Cuba"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B0qqEIZ9nQU) It does offer more than just game, with a mirror of Wikipedia, VoIP servers, and social networks being hosted. -Even if, as said before, it's not easy to get access to SNET because of the lack of equipement, it's a tremendous feat to build such network ! Even the Associated Press is impressed +Even if, as said before, it's not easy to get access to SNET because of the lack of equipment, it's a tremendous feat to build such network ! Even the Associated Press is impressed > [There is no obvious indication the U.S. or any other foreign government or group had anything to do with the creation of SNet, making it by far the most impressive example of Cuba's homemade telecommunications engineering.](https://web.archive.org/web/20150131064800/http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/C/CB_CUBA_SECRET_NETWORK) -And doesn't have some of the downfalls of bigger internet services, as Youtube user Ram [said in 2019](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEplzHraw3c&lc=Ugx5ANKkeN49ryrRIxN4AaABAg) +And, it doesn't have some of the downfalls of bigger internet services, as Youtube user Ram [said in 2019](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEplzHraw3c&lc=Ugx5ANKkeN49ryrRIxN4AaABAg): > I'm Cuban (from a different city) and this is all true. I used to play WoW with homemade antenas and usb-wifi. It was really a great thing, because since the community on the servers is so small, you can actually get to meet them in person and have a lot of fun. So it had the benefits of gaming without all the social struggles it can bring. We also had a social-network called "the social" with no more than 100 active users, where, once again, you felt more safe and warm than when you use facebook. -[Dr. Michaelanne Thomas Dye](https://michaelannedye.com/) has made very detailled in in-depth research on the Cuban SNET you can read for free in here paper, "If it Rains, Ask Grandma to Disconnect the Nano: Maintenance & Care in Havana’s StreetNet", written by Michaelanne Dye with David Nemer, Neha Kumar & Amy Bruckman. +[Dr. Michaelanne Thomas Dye](https://michaelannedye.com/) has made very detailled in-depth research on the Cuban SNET you can read for free in here paper, _"If it Rains, Ask Grandma to Disconnect the Nano: Maintenance & Care in Havana’s StreetNet"_, written by Michaelanne Dye with David Nemer, Neha Kumar & Amy Bruckman. -## Political controversies +## Governement repression and control -As of June 29th, 2019 , the government of Cuba has declared new regulations for networks aiming to regulate the 2.4Ghz and 5Ghz bands. Although it lifts some regulations on importing network equipment, which was happening regardless, it seems to be making [SNET](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QsKCUsPMG8I), that was tolerated until now, [effectively illegal](https://oncubanews.com/en/cuba/snet-the-cuban-street-network-resists-disappearing/). It's users protested, holding demonstrations and publishing [a video online (youtube link)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_bi1_BR36U), explaining there protest. +As of June 29th, 2019 , the government of Cuba has declared new regulations for networks aiming to regulate the 2.4Ghz and 5Ghz bands. Although it lifts some regulations on importing network equipment, which was happening regardless, it seems to be making [SNET](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QsKCUsPMG8I), that was tolerated until now, [effectively illegal](https://oncubanews.com/en/cuba/snet-the-cuban-street-network-resists-disappearing/). It's users protested, holding demonstrations and publishing [a video online (youtube link)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_bi1_BR36U), explaining their protest. > The team released this Saturday a statement in which it expresses its position on the new rules governing private data networks and high-speed systems. On the positive side, they appreciate that it is "optimizing the use of the radio spectrum and generating a legal framework" to connect to the wifi zones of the Cuban Telecommunications Company (Etecsa), in addition to allowing the importation of equipment that was so far banned. -SNet administrators propose to the authorities the creation of "a special license" so that the network, as it exists today, can connect to Etecsa services and continue to benefit its users, that they fear a closure of this initiative and the increased connection without its mediation. +SNet administrators propose to the authorities the creation of "a special license" so that the network, as it exists today, can connect to Etecsa services and continue to benefit its users, they fear a closure of this initiative and the increased connection without its mediation. For those who do not have economic resources, connecting to the internet by paying 1 CUC the time of navigation in the official wifi zones or buying a data package for access from the mobile can in practice be disconnected. Wikipedia states that "The negotiations have ended with a decision to transfer SNET's services and content to ETECSA, Cuba's government-monopoly ISP, and to provide access through Cuba's nationwide chain of 611 Youth Computer Clubs (YCCs)." -As to the motivation of the government behind this closure, they are yet to be explained. The obvious explanation is cracking donw on dissent and controlling information, as every state seeks to do to reinforce it's power. It might also be linked [to the agreement with Google](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cuba-usa-google-idUSKCN1R91ZP). Before installing monopolistic powers, allied to the state, you need to destroy any mean of resistance and self-determination. Keeping control over the network has been of upmost importance, and let's not forget about that time the US [attacked Cuba using social networks and foreign aid.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZunZuneo) +As to the motivation of the government behind this closure, they are yet to be explained. The obvious explanation is cracking down on dissent and controlling information, as every state seeks to do, to reinforce it's power. It might also be linked [to the agreement with Google](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cuba-usa-google-idUSKCN1R91ZP). Before installing monopolistic powers, allied to the state, you need to destroy any mean of resistance and self-determination. Keeping control over the network has been of upmost importance, also from a geopolitical point of view; let's not forget about that time the US [attacked Cuba using social networks and foreign aid.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZunZuneo) -On March 5, 2020, the Joven Club ( a young people's computer club afficilated to the Youth Communist Party ), stated that ; +On March 5, 2020, the Joven Club (a young people's computer club affiliated to the Youth Communist Party), stated that: > The Youth Club in Pinar del Río facilitate the management of the radio spectrum and favor the process of computerization of Cuban society. Private network administrators can connect and receive services from this entity through wireless connections. _- translated from [here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8PUoyzkkt8M) via https://translate.fedilab.app/_ @@ -108,13 +105,13 @@ It seems that they are now [tasked with running the SNET.](https://www.dreadxp.c ## Around the world -Around the world, people are setting up mesh networks.[ In Detroit](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1B0u6nvcTsI), for example, people are prevented access to high-speed Internet because of a lack of funding, infrastructure or suppliers. The poverty of some neighborhoods also means that people just can't afford Internet. +Around the world, people are setting up mesh networks. [In Detroit](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1B0u6nvcTsI), for example, people are prevented from accessing high-speed Internet because of a lack of funding, infrastructure or suppliers. The poverty of some neighborhoods also means that people just can't afford Internet. -And it's in these moments, where traditionnal providers fail, that the successful established of a Internet mesh network happens, thanks to the great work of [Detroit Digital Justice Coalition](http://detroitdjc.org/wireless-mesh/), and involvement of many in the community. [This article](https://urbanomnibus.net/2019/10/building-the-peoples-internet/) is a great accounts of efforts happening around the USA, and talks in length about disaster recovery and the importance autonomous networks play in it. +And it's in these moments, where traditionnal providers fail, that the successful establishment of a Internet mesh network happens, thanks to the great work of [Detroit Digital Justice Coalition](http://detroitdjc.org/wireless-mesh/), and involvement of many in the community. [This article](https://urbanomnibus.net/2019/10/building-the-peoples-internet/) is a great accounts of efforts happening around the USA, and talks in length about disaster recovery and the importance autonomous networks play in it. In New York, the [NYC.mesh](https://www.nycmesh.net/) project seems to be going great, setting up a mixed mesh topology, with omnidirectional antennas. They have a [very impressive map](https://www.nycmesh.net/map) you can look at to see how the network is organized. In Catalonia, the [Guifi ISP](https://guifi.net/en) connects 30 000 nodes ! And in France, a speaker at [Battlemesh](https://battlemesh.org/) gave [a great talk](https://media.freifunk.net/v/overview-of-community-networks-in-france) about how it's going on.. -The futur might be meshed :) +The future might be meshed! :) ---- @@ -128,3 +125,10 @@ A few links I didn't know where to put, but could be useful : - https://laredcubana.blogspot.com/2019/07/cubas-new-private-network-regulations.html - https://laredcubana.blogspot.com/ - https://www.circleid.com/posts/20171110_data_on_cubas_snet_and_a_few_suggestions_for_etecsa/ + + +--- + +### Thanks + +Thanks goes to my parents for proofreading, as to [dcht00](https://totalism.org/d) for helping me and providing links, and the members of the [Fuz Hackerspace](https://fuz.re). diff --git a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/snet-network-map.jpg b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/snet-network-map.jpg index 8e895e7..474281b 100644 Binary files a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/snet-network-map.jpg and b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/snet-network-map.jpg differ diff --git a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/snet-network-org.jpg b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/snet-network-org.jpg index ee03872..f0c7b95 100644 Binary files a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/snet-network-org.jpg and b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/snet-network-org.jpg differ diff --git a/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/snet-network-org.jpg.original b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/snet-network-org.jpg.original new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ee03872 Binary files /dev/null and b/content/Articles/mesh-networks-peoples-internet-in-cuba/snet-network-org.jpg.original differ diff --git a/content/Stories/fixing-my-arms-with-free-software/cover.jpg b/content/Stories/fixing-my-arms-with-free-software/cover.jpg index 3d72c7e..33751ef 100644 Binary files a/content/Stories/fixing-my-arms-with-free-software/cover.jpg and b/content/Stories/fixing-my-arms-with-free-software/cover.jpg differ diff --git a/dither.sh b/dither.sh new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6908cf2 --- /dev/null +++ b/dither.sh @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +# Dither images present in the blog, moving the existing images to filename_original.jpg + +## Travel down the directory content/ + +find content/ \ # Find from the content directory + -maxdepth 4 \ # Maximu depth of 4 dirs + -type f \ # Find only files + -name "*.jpg" \ # Find only JPEG files + -exec \ # Execute next lines + cp {} {}.original && \ # Copy file and add .original to it's filename + convert {} -colorspace GRAY -o ordered-dither o2x2 {}\ # Dither image + jpegoptim {} -S 80 -t && \ # Optimize the jpeg file + ; # Finish diff --git a/openring.sh b/openring.sh new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f831978 --- /dev/null +++ b/openring.sh @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +./openring -s https://www.laquadrature.net/feed -s https://mamot.fr/@n07070.rss -s https://solar.lowtechmagazine.com/feeds/all-en.rss.xml < in.html > openring-out.html diff --git a/public/about-me/about-me/index.html b/public/about-me/about-me/index.html deleted file mode 100644 index 2abfd34..0000000 --- a/public/about-me/about-me/index.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,124 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - About me · The Octet Press - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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About me

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What is this blog about ?

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For the moment it’s mostly some articles I wrote, but over time, if I get good feedback, I’ll try to turn to publishing as a full-time job. I plan on writing about ecology, tech, society, traveling, politics and fiction. If you like hastags, #SolarPunk, #VanLife, #DIY, #dWeb…

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I’m writing in French and English, maybe even in Esperanto one day !

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Most of the articles and general structure of the blog’s source is found in my git server ! Feel free to correct things or propose articles and such !

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Who am I ?

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I’m a student in his twenties. I’m trying to figure out life. If you have any thing to say to me, or would just like to tchat, hit me up at this email !

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Projects and code

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I try to keep my git up-to-date, but for now, I’m mainly migrating bit by bit from Microsoft’s Github.

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How to follow this blog

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You can follow this blog with :

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How you can help

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Writing is time-consuming, and sadly I need to work. Each euro you give me is a step ahead ! If you wonder how I’m gonna use your money, feel free to shoot an email at me !

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I accept donations via Liberapay for now, but if you prefer another way, I’m sure I can set it up for you. Just ask me !

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Art & Code

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What is this blog about ?

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For the moment it’s mostly some articles I wrote, but over time, if I get good feedback, I’ll try to turn to publishing as a full-time job. I plan on writing about ecology, tech, society, traveling, politics and fiction. If you like hastags, #SolarPunk, #VanLife, #DIY, #dWeb…

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I’m writing in French and English, maybe even in Esperanto one day !

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Most of the articles and general structure of the blog’s source is found in my git server ! Feel free to correct things or propose articles and such !

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Who am I ?

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I’m a student in his twenties. I’m trying to figure out life. If you have any thing to say to me, or would just like to tchat, hit me up at this email !

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Projects and code

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I try to keep my git up-to-date, but for now, I’m mainly migrating bit by bit from Microsoft’s Github.

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How to follow this blog

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You can follow this blog with :

- -

How you can help

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Writing is time-consuming, and sadly I need to work. Each euro you give me is a step ahead ! If you wonder how I’m gonna use your money, feel free to shoot an email at me !

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I accept donations via Liberapay for now, but if you prefer another way, I’m sure I can set it up for you. Just ask me !

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